{"id":142,"date":"2025-10-02T02:53:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T02:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/?page_id=142"},"modified":"2025-10-16T03:26:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T03:26:38","slug":"lymphoedema","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/lymphoedema\/","title":{"rendered":"Lymphoedema"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;middle&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; rtl_reverse=&#8221;yes&#8221; remove_bottom_col_margin=&#8221;true&#8221; columns_right=&#8221;yes&#8221; wpex_bg_color=&#8221;#03a3de&#8221; min_height=&#8221;350px&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<style>.vcex-image.vcex_69d073b8b2620 .vcex-image-img{object-position:right top;}<\/style><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module vcex-fill-column vcex_69d073b8b2620\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-w-100 vc_custom_1760585197084\"><img width=\"1210\" height=\"657\" src=\"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Lymphoedema-copy.webp\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle wpex-w-100\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Lymphoedema-copy.webp 1210w, https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Lymphoedema-copy-300x163.webp 300w, https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Lymphoedema-copy-1024x556.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Lymphoedema-copy-768x417.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1210px) 100vw, 1210px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1759369868935{padding-top: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;}&#8221; color=&#8221;#fefefe&#8221;]\n<h1><strong>Lymphoedema<\/strong><\/h1>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1759015527111{margin-top: 60px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_tta_tour controls_size=&#8221;md&#8221; active_section=&#8221;1&#8243;][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What is lymphoedema?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759012899351-dcaaabe1-cd5c8059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is hardening of the arteries?<\/h2>\n<p>Oedema (or Edema) is a collection of fluid, so lymphoedema is a collection of lymph fluid in the body tissues.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Why is it called lymphoedema?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759012899354-da1d8fff-c0988059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is it called lymphoedema?<\/h2>\n<p>In every person there is a small amount of fluid (lymph) in the body tissues.\u00a0 This is fluid that has left the blood system to provide water and nourishment to the tissues.\u00a0 Normally most of this fluid is collected by a system of drainage tubes, similar to blood vessels, called the lymphatic system. There is a particularly well developed system of lymphatics in the intestines (lacteals) that absorb nutrients after ingested food has been broken down.<\/p>\n<p>The movement of fluid through the lymphatic system is aided by contraction of muscles and there is also a gentle pumping action from the lymphatic vessels themselves.\u00a0 The fluid is filtered through lymph nodes and then eventually drains back to the blood system through a major vein on the left side of the neck.\u00a0 Lymph only flows in one direction towards the blood system and there are tiny valves in the lymphatic channels which aid in this one way flow.\u00a0 There is no circulation of lymph comparable to that in the blood vessel.<\/p>\n<p>Lymph usually moves at about 120 mls\/hr and about 2-4 litres of lymph are moved around the body each day.\u00a0 There is great redundancy in the lymphatic system which usually operates at about one tenth of its maximum load.\u00a0 When lymph load is too great, fluid accumulates in tissues rather than draining back into the blood stream and lymphoedema develops.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Why does lymphoedema occur?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014772115-45b909ba-03388059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why does lymphoedema occur?<\/h2>\n<p>Lymphoedema can occur for no apparent reason (Primary lymphoedema) or it can occur as a consequence of another problem (Secondary lymphoedema). Lymphoedema only affects the skin and fatty tissues and not the muscle compartments beneath.<\/p>\n<p>Normal lymphatic vessels can increase the flow of lymph ten times if required.\u00a0 Because of this large reservoir capacity of the lymph system an increase in the formation of lymph fluid on its own does not cause lymphoedema.\u00a0 There must be some abnormality or problem with the lymphatic system itself.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Primary lymphoedema&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014806183-f54d1997-de0b8059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Primary lymphoedema<\/h2>\n<p>In primary lymphoedema the lymphatic vessels themselves often appear to be abnormal.\u00a0 They can be very poorly developed (hypoplastic) or not developed at all (aplastic).\u00a0 Tiny valves in the lymphatics may also be faulty.\u00a0 Why this occurs is not entirely clear, but genetic abnormalities have been identified in some patients.<\/p>\n<p>Primary lymphoedema can be divided into two main groups<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0<strong>Congenital onset primary lymphoedema<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This can be a familial problem such as Milroy\u2019s disease which involves swelling below the knee.\u00a0 It may also be sporadic as in lymphatic malformations, Turner\u2019s syndrome and in other rare syndromes.<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0<strong>Post pubertal primary lymphoedema<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This can also be a familial condition as in Distichiasis-lymphoedema associated with abnormalities of the eyelashes.\u00a0 It may also be sporadic as in inguinal node sclerosis or yellow-nail syndrome.<\/p>\n<p>Lymphoedema praecox and lymphoedema tarda only refer to the age at which lymphoedema develops.\u00a0 Lymphoedema praecox develops in adolescence and Lymphoedema tarda generally after the age of 35 years. It is not known why normal adults, without known precipitating factors, should develop lymphoedema, but women are affected more commonly.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Secondary lymphoedema&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014827533-6ef99622-00a98059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Secondary lymphoedema<\/h2>\n<p>In secondary lymphoedema the accumulation of fluid is because of another problem.<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0<strong>Cancer and radiotherapy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After certain types of surgery (breast surgery, node dissection for melanoma) the lymphatics are intentionally removed to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.\u00a0 As a part of the treatment for some breast cancer or melanoma an axillary clearance may be performed in which all or most of the lymphatic tissue in the armpit is removed (axillary clearance). In melanoma and sometimes in other types of cancer a similar procedure is performed at the top of the leg in the groin (groin clearance). Although in many patients other lymphatics can compensate for the loss of lymphatic tissue, in some patients this is not enough and lymphoedema develops in the arm or the leg.\u00a0 Significant lymphoedema occurs in about 10% (1 in 10) of breast cancer patients. This can also occur after radiotherapy which can damage lymphatic vessels.\u00a0 In patients who have had both surgery and radiotherapy there is an even greater risk of developing lymphoedema.\u00a0 After surgery lymphoedema may not develop immediately.\u00a0 It can develop gradually as the operation site heals by the formation of scar tissue.\u00a0 About one third of the patients who develop lymphoedema will do so more than one year after their breast cancer surgery.<\/p>\n<p>In some patients the development of cancers themselves can lead to lymphoedema. This is because sometimes the tumour cells invade the lymphatic vessels, blocking them.<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0<strong>Infection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In tropical countries a tiny worm infection (<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filariasis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">filariasis<\/a>) in the lymphatics can lead to massive lymphoedema (elephantiasis) of the legs and genital area.\u00a0 The skin also becomes very thickened and with overhanging folds which can resemble the foot of an elephant.\u00a0 This is because the worm is present in the lymphatic vessels and it blocks the flow of lymph fluid.\u00a0 Filariasis is the most common form of secondary lymphoedema worldwide.<\/p>\n<p>Cellulitis is a common soft tissue infection in which the tissues become red, hot, swollen and tender. This typically occurs in the lower leg but can develop anywhere in the body. In severe infections the inflammation can spread to the lymphatics (lymphangitis) and cause damage by leading to scarring around the lymphatics as the inflammatory process resolves. Frequent damage to the lymphatics caused by infection can also lead to swelling because of scarring around the lymphatic channels.<\/p>\n<p>In New Zealand and Australia bites from insects are often blamed for persistent swelling particularly in the legs.\u00a0 The white-tailed spider is frequently blamed, but there is little evidence that this insect is more likely than others to lead to problems.\u00a0 The majority of the problems after an insect bite are probably related to the secondary infection that develops and could develop after any sort of skin break.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What problems can lymphoedema cause?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014855534-cd1bf395-e3558059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What problems can lymphoedema cause?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Swelling<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Initially lymphoedema may only cause cosmetic concerns or heaviness and difficulty with some movements.\u00a0This is because the leg (or arm) that is affected will be swollen and the skin may become slightly shiny.\u00a0 It also contains extra fluid so will feel heavier, because it is heavier.\u00a0 This may be all that happens in some patients.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cellulitis<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the presence of extra tissue fluid causing swelling in the leg can also make the patient more likely to develop infection in the tissues (cellulitis).\u00a0 The lymph fluid itself is very rich in protein and is an ideal fluid for bacterial growth. This can occur even after a minor injury.\u00a0 When this occurs the leg can swell to a greater extent.\u00a0 It will become red, tender and painful and the patient will probably feel generally unwell.\u00a0 This problem can usually be treated effectively with antibiotics, bedrest and elevation of the limb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fibrosis<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the mere presence of significant amounts of lymph fluid in the tissues over many years can lead to scarring and fibrosis of the tissues.\u00a0 Once infection and inflammation resolve there will inevitably be some residual scar damage to the tissues of the leg leading to slightly more swelling than before.\u00a0 This puts the leg at a slightly greater risk of infection.\u00a0 A vicious cycle can then develop with further infection leading to further swelling and so on.\u00a0 It is important to try and halt this process at an early stage when most of the changes in the leg are at a reversible stage.\u00a0 As well as swelling due to lymphoedema, the skin can become very thickened (hyperkeratosis) and abnormal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tumours<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 very rarely tumours (lymphangiosarcoma) can develop in the chronically inflamed tissues. This is sometimes called Stewart-Treves syndrome.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;How is lymphoedema diagnosed?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014887716-648cb14b-00198059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is lymphoedema diagnosed?<\/h2>\n<p>The diagnosis of lymphoedema is made by your doctor taking a careful medical history and examining the affected areas.\u00a0 This is often sufficient to decide lymphoedema is the likely cause.\u00a0 Lymphoscintigraphy or lymphangiography can sometimes be used to confirm the cause and give further information.<\/p>\n<p>Lymphangiography is a predominantly anatomical test outlining the channels along which lymph drains.\u00a0It was never widely used because of the difficulties cannulating tiny lymphatic channels and a potential risk of damage to the lymphatic system itself. Radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy was introduced in the 1950s and tells us much more about the function of the lymphatics and how well they are working.\u00a0This is an easier test to perform and has become the gold standard. In most patients it is not necessary to perform either test.<\/p>\n<p>Gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance scans (MRI) are also being used in some centres and can produce impressive pictures.\u00a0 This is a very specialised test and few radiologists will have experience of MRI for this indication, but it has much better resolution than lymphoscintigraphy and is likely to be more sensitive and accurate (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20101589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Liu et al 2010<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Sometimes other tests may be necessary to exclude other conditions.\u00a0 Special scans of the veins may be required to ensure they are working normally.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What treatment is available?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759373350043-7ad9cfcc-39c4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What treatment is available?<\/h2>\n<p>Treatment for lymphoedema needs to be intensive and lifelong.\u00a0 Lymphoedema cannot be cured, but it can be controlled.\u00a0 Benefits can be obtained from the treatments detailed below, but if they are stopped then problems will re-occur. There is debate about whether lymphoedema can be prevented. Breast cancer patients who have undergone surgery to the armpit are usually advised to avoid any procedures, such as having blood taken, from the arm on the same side. They are also advised to avoid insertion of drips and vaccination on the same side as axillary surgery. There is little evidence to support this advice but women with lymphoedema following breast cancer have a need for advice, information and ongoing treatment 3-5 years after their diagnosis (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/342\/bmj.d3442.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Girgis 2011<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Massage and manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) \u2013\u00a0<\/strong>Intensive massage by practitioners trained in specific techniques helpful in lymphoedema is the initial treatment of choice, but not always widely available.<\/p>\n<p>This massage is based on creating spaces in the tissues and then massaging fluid into these spaces and away from the limb.\u00a0 To do this the massage needs to start at the part of the limb where it attaches to the trunk where the lymphatics are relatively normal.\u00a0 The lymphoedema therapist then massages fluid away from this area towards the trunk.\u00a0 The massage then works gradually towards the hand or foot.\u00a0 This therapy may need to continue for some weeks until the decrease in swelling is satisfactory.\u00a0 It is time consuming but seems to be one of the most effective treatments.<\/p>\n<p>There are different schools of massage technique each with variations that are thought to produce better results.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Compression hosiery and bandaging-<\/strong>\u00a0Compression hosiery is crucial in maintaining the benefits produced from massage.\u00a0 Graduated high compression hosiery will prevent swelling re-accumulating once it has been reduced by massage.\u00a0 It is important that hoisery is worn at all times, except at at night.\u00a0 Bandaging is frequently used when swelling is severe.\u00a0 A combination of bandaging and massage can reduce limb size and then compression hosiery is applied.<\/p>\n<p>Patients with lymphoedema usually need to wear the highest compression hosiery available either Class 3 or 4.\u00a0 These can be troublesome to put on, but are very beneficial in reducing swelling. It is frequently necessary to have made to measure stockings as the shape of the swollen limb may make off-the-shelf fitting impossible.\u00a0 Stockings require replacement approximately every 4-6 months, as they begin to lose their compressive effect.<\/p>\n<p>Compression hosiery should not be used if there is significant arterial disease present.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Drugs<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 there is some evidence that drugs may be helpful, but they have limited value.\u00a0 Paroven may be of some use in some patients and is given at a dose of 3 grams daily.\u00a0 Coumarin has been used previously, but was withdrawn in 1998 as it caused severe liver problems in some patients.<\/p>\n<p>Diuretics or water tablets that promote the passage of more urine are generally ineffective for lymphoedema.\u00a0 Patients will pass more urine but what fluid remains will still gravitate to the affected limb.\u00a0 This is because there is a local problem present leading to lymph retention and it is not due to excess fluid thoughout the whole body.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Surgery<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Surgery has a very limited role in patients with lymphoedema.\u00a0 It is hardly ever required and will not be curative.\u00a0 Despite this two main types of operations have been developed.\u00a0 Firstly, in very particular types of patients some form of bypass or drainage procedure may be attempted to drain off the excess lymph fluid from the affected limb.\u00a0 Secondly, in patients with very severely affected limbs debulking operations have been performed to reduce the size of the affected limb by removing excess tissue.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Skin Care and control of infection \u2013\u00a0<\/strong>it is important to keep the skin in good condition.\u00a0 Regular hygiene particularly in skin creases and between the toes is essential.\u00a0 Anti-fungal powders can be helpful.\u00a0 Simple moisturising creams can be helpful for flaky skin.\u00a0 It is important to take minor wounds seriously and not to allow them to develop into serious problems.\u00a0 Minor infections should be treated aggressively\u00a0with antibiotics.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Weight loss<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 many lymphoedema patients are overweight. This situation compounds any existing problems and weight loss is essential to achieve benefits from any other treatments.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Useful links&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759014929506-4e94bf49-783d8059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Useful links<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lymphoedemanz.org.nz\/\">http:\/\/www.lymphoedemanz.org.nz\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lymphoedema.org.nz\/home\">http:\/\/www.lymphoedema.org.nz\/home<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/lymphoedema\/Pages\/Introduction.aspx\">http:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/lymphoedema\/Pages\/Introduction.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lymphnet.org\/\">http:\/\/www.lymphnet.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/lymphology.asn.au\/new\/index.php\">http:\/\/lymphology.asn.au\/new\/index.php<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lymphoedema.org\/lsn\/\">http:\/\/www.lymphoedema.org\/lsn\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uklymph.com\/\">http:\/\/www.uklymph.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lympho.org\/resources.php\">http:\/\/www.lympho.org\/resources.php<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.surgical-tutor.org.uk\/default-home.htm?system\/vascular\/lymphoedema.htm~right\">http:\/\/www.surgical-tutor.org.uk\/default-home.htmsystem\/vascular\/lymphoedema.htm~right<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.emedicine.com\/med\/topic2722.htm\">www.emedicine.com\/med\/topic2722.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.diseasesdatabase.com\/ddb7679.htm\">http:\/\/www.diseasesdatabase.com\/ddb7679.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lymphedema\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lymphedema<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;References&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759015003224-6e58c0d1-e0df8059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20101589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Liu N-F, Lu Q, Liu P-A, Wu X-F, Wang B-S. Comparison of radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy and dynamic magnetic resonance lymphangiography for investigating extremity lymphoedema<\/a>. Br J Surg 2010; 97:359-365.<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21791706\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lee BB, Laredo J. Contemporary role of lymphoscintigraphy: we can no longer afford to ignore!<\/a>\u00a0Phlebology 2011; 26: 177-78.<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/342\/bmj.d3442.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Girgis A, Stacey F, Lee T, Black D. Priorities for women with lymphoedema after treatment for breast cancer: population based cohort study<\/a>\u00a0Brit Med J 2011; 342: d3442.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tour][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;middle&#8221; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; rtl_reverse=&#8221;yes&#8221; remove_bottom_col_margin=&#8221;true&#8221; columns_right=&#8221;yes&#8221; wpex_bg_color=&#8221;#03a3de&#8221; min_height=&#8221;350px&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1759369868935{padding-top: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;}&#8221; color=&#8221;#fefefe&#8221;] Lymphoedema [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1759015527111{margin-top: 60px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_tta_tour controls_size=&#8221;md&#8221; active_section=&#8221;1&#8243;][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What is lymphoedema?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1759012899351-dcaaabe1-cd5c8059-247c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] What is hardening of the arteries? Oedema (or Edema) is a collection of fluid, so lymphoedema is a collection of lymph fluid in the body tissues.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-142","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry","no-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":241,"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142\/revisions\/241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmcdeploytwo.co.nz\/vsoanz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}